Emshinini wokugaywa ufulawa, ukuphepha akusona indleko-kuyisisekelo. Ukuqhuma okukodwa kothuli kunganciphisa isigayo esisebenze iminyaka engamashumi amabili ukuze sichithe ubusuku bonke. Nokho abaphathi abaningi basabuka ukuvimbela ukuqhuma ezingeni "lokungabhemi ku-workshop" kanye "nokugcina izicishamlilo ezimbalwa nxazonke."
1. I-Pulse Dust Collectors: Idizayini Ye-Explosion Vent-I-"Escape Route" Evinjiwe
Abaqoqi uthuli banenqwaba yothuli emshinini wokugaywa ufulawa futhi banengozi enkulu yokuqhuma. Uma ukuqhuma kothuli kwenzeka ngaphakathi komqoqi, ingcindezi esheshayo ingafinyelela ku-0.7–1.0 MPa (cishe ama-atmospheres angu-7–10){5}}okwanele ukudabula amapuleti ensimbi angamashumi amamilimitha awugqinsi.
Amaphutha Amathathu Abulalayo Kumklamo We-Explosion Vent:
1. Indawo Yokungenisa Kabi Enganele
Ukunciphisa Ingcindezi Kokuqhuma Kothuli kudinga ngokusobala ukuthi indawo yokukhipha umoya ibalwe ngokusekelwe kumthamo wenetha womkhumbi kanyeinkomba yokuqhuma (inani le-Kst)zothuli. Kodwa izigayo eziningi ezindala zivele "zishaye imbobo" noma zifake-umnyango omncane ongajwayelekile{2}onendawo encane kakhulu.
Umphumela:Ingcindezi ayikwazi ukukhululwa ngesikhathi. Izindlu zokuqoqa uthuli ziqhuma ngokuqondile, zithumele izingcezu endizayo amashumi amamitha futhi zibangele ukulimala kwesibili.
2. Imbobo yokukhipha umoya Mude Kakhulu noma Ngendololwane
Ukuxhuma indawo yokungena emhubheni oqondisa ilangabi eliqhumayo endaweni engaphandle ephephile kuwumkhuba olungile. Kodwa-ke, izitshalo eziningi zifaka amapayipi ubude obungamamitha ambalwa ngezindololwane ezingama-90℃ukonga isikhala.
Umphumela:Ukumelana namapayipi amade nezindololwane kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha umoya, okushiya indawo yasendlini isangaphansi kwamagagasi amakhulu athusayo. Imfuneko:imigudu yokuphumayo kufanele ibe mifushane futhi iqonde ngangokunokwenzeka, ubude bayo bungeqi ku-3 amamitha.
3. Ama-Vent Panel Ambozwe Imfucumfucu noma I-Insulation
Amaphaneli okukhipha umoya (ulwelwesi oluqhumayo) kufanele agcinwe ehlanzekile futhi angavinjwa. Kodwa ezingosini zangempela, kuvamile ukuzibona zigoqwe ukotini wokufakelwa, zivinjwe amapayipi, noma zivaliwe ngothuli.
Umphumela:Iphaneli yokungenisa umoya ayikwazi ukuqhuma ngengcindezi ebekiwe (imvamisa engu-0.01–0.02 MPa), iyenze ilingane nokungabi nawo nhlobo umoya.
Okubalulekile Ukuhambisana:
I-hopper ngayinye yokuqoqa uthuli kufanele ibe ne-indawo yokuqhuma ozimeleefakwe ngaphezulu kwayo (akukho ukwabelana phakathi kwamayunithi).
Amaphaneli okukhipha umoya kufanele abe ne-auhlelo lokumiselela oluhleliwe(kunconyiwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-12–18, okufushane uma ukugqwala kukhona).
Indawo yokukhipha umoya akumele ibhekane nemigwaqo noma izindawo-eziminyene zabasebenzi.
2. Ama-Elevator Ebhakede: Ukungahambi kahle kanye Nokuqapha Okushelelayo-"I-alamu Yokugcina" Ngaphambi kokuthi Ibhande Liphele
Izinyusi zamabhakede ziyizinto “ezinolaka” kakhulu emshinini wokugaya ufulawa. Ukungaqondani kahle kwamabhande, ukushelela, kanye nokuminyana kwezinto kuyizandulela ezintathu ezinkulu zemililo nokuqhuma kothuli.Amazinga okushisa aphezulu akhiqizwa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwebhande ne-casing (angadlula ama-degree angu-300)ziwumthombo wokuthungela ocashe kakhulu wamafu othuli.
Kungani ukuhlola okuvamile kungathembeki?
Ibhande lebhakede lisebenza ngaphakathi kwebhokisi futhi alikwazi ukubonwa ngokuqondile. Ngesikhathi kutholwa intuthu noma iphunga elivuthayo, umlilo usuke usuvele ungalawuleki.
Ukuvikela Okuthathu Okuphoqelekile Kokuqapha:
1. Ukuqapha Ukungalungi kahle (Kugwema ukudabuka kwebhande)
Fakaukushintshwa okungalungileezinhlangothini zombili zekhanda nomsila. Lapho ibhande lichezuka ngaphezu kwenani elibekiwe (ngokuvamile elingu-±5mm), licupha ngokushesha i-alamu kanye nokuvalwa kwe-interlock.
Iphuzu elingukhiye:Amaswishi angalingani kahle kufanele ahlolwe mathupha njalo (njalo ngeviki) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izindlela azibambeki. Izitshalo eziningi ziyawafaka kodwa ahluleke ukuxhuma izintambo, noma ukuzwela kwawo kudala ahluleka-okuwenza abe sengathi awekho.
2. I-Slip Monitoring (Igwema I-Friction-Induced Fire)
Faka iisiqapheli sesivinini (ngaphansi-ngaphansi kweswishi yesivinini)ekugcineni kwe-pulley shaft. Uma ukushelela kwebhande kubangela ukuba isivinini sehle ngaphansi kwenani elimisiwe (imvamisa engu-70%–80% yesivinini esilinganiselwe), isistimu iyacisha ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Isimiso:Ukushelela kusho ukungqubuzana okuqhubekayo phakathi kwebhande lebhakede kanye ne-pulley yekhanda, okubangela ukunyuka okubukhali kwezinga lokushisa. Ukuqapha okushelelayo kufanele kusebenzephakathi kwemizuzwana emi-3, hhayi ngemva kokuba ibhande seliphelile.
3. Ukuqapha Izinga lokushisa (Kugwema Ukuthwala Ukushisisa)
Ama-pulley ama-head and tail bearings kufanele afakwe i-PT100 resistance detectors temperatures noma amaswishi okushisa e-bimetallic, ane-alamu esethwe ku-70℃kanye nesethi yokuvala shaqa ku-90 degree.
Okubalulekile Ukuhambisana:
Zontathu izimpawu zokuqapha kufanele zibeokuqinilekusilawuli esiyinhloko se-PLC, esingashiyelwa ku-opharetha ukuthi babone esikrinini-ukukhiya okuxhumene nocingo oluqinile kuyisinyathelo esithembeke kakhulu "sokusindisa{1}}impilo".
Ikheshi ngalinye kufanele ligadwe ngokuzimela; ungabelani ngesistimu eyodwa kumayunithi amaningi.
3. Ukudla-Izindawo Zokuxhumana Zensimbi Engagqwali Yebanga: Ulayini Ongabonakali "we-Metal Contamination"
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingozi zokuqhuma kothuli olubonakalayo, ukuthobelana kwezinto ezithinta ukudla kufihleke kakhulu-kodwa ngokulinganayo, uma kungenjalo, kusemqoka-ngoba kuthinta ngokuqondile imithetho yokuphepha kokudla kanye nokuhlolwa kokuthekelisa.
Yiziphi izingxenye okufanele zisebenzise ukudla-izinga lensimbi engagqwali (304 noma 316L)?
Wonke amapayipi, ama-valve, nama-spouts athintana ngqo nezinto:Ikakhulukazi izindawo zokuthintana ezimanzi ngemva kokushisa (i-carbon steel igqwala kalula; izinhlayiya zokugqwala ezingena kufulawa ziwumthombo wokungcoliswa kwensimbi enzima).
Ama-roller mill feed rolls and roll{0}}end seals:Izinto -okungezona ezingagqwali zingase zikhiqize izinsalela zensimbi ekugugile.
Amafreyimu esikrini se-Plansifter nama-spouts akhiphayo: Izindawo ezigqokwa kakhulu{0}eziphakeme kufanele zingagqwali futhi zingagqwali{1}}.
Izingxenye zangaphakathi zemishini yokuhlanza (ama-scourers, ama-destoners, ama-bran finishers):Izindonga zangaphakathi nezici zomthelela.
Izidingo ezintathu ze-Core Sanitary Design:
1. Izitifiketi Zezinto Ezibalulekile Zibalulekile
Zonke izingxenye zensimbi engagqwali kufanele zihambisane nemibiko yokuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ebonisa ngokucacile okuqukethwe kwe-Cr ne-Ni (304 idinga i-Ni Greater noma ilingana no-8%, i-Cr Greater than noma ilingana no-18%). Lona wumbhalo oyisibopho wokuhlolwa{4}kusayithi okwenziwa yiziphathimandla zokuphepha nokudla.
2. Izidingo Zokuqina Komhlaba
Izindawo zensimbi engagqwali ezithintana nezinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zibe nenani lika-Ra (ubukhulu obuphezulu) Ngaphansi noma obulingana no-0.8μm. Izindawo ezimaholoholo zibamba kalula ufulawa, zigcina amagciwane namaqanda ezinambuzane, futhi kunzima ukuzihlanza.
Ukuhlola Okusheshayo:Gijikisa ingemuva lesandla sakho ngaphezulu-akumele kube khona umuzwa osobala "wokubamba". Imithungo yokushisela enohlamvu olumahhadlahhadla ebonakalayo kumele ipholishwe.
3. Ukwenqatshelwa Kwenqubo Ye-Welding
{0}}Ezindaweni zokushisela akumele neze usebenzise ama-electrode e-carbon steel ajwayelekile. Ama-electrode ensimbi engagqwali afanayo kuphela (afana ne-A102, A316L) angasetshenziswa. Ngemuva kokushisela, ukucotshwa kwe-asidi kanye nokudlula kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kubuyiselwe ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-chromium oxide endaweni yensimbi engagqwali.
Isiphetho: Idizayini Yokuphepha Isiqinisekiso Esikhulu Samandla Okukhiqiza
Ukuvimbela ukuqhuma kothuli kanye nokuhlanzeka kokudla kuyizindlela zokuphila zesigayo sikafulawa esimeme.Ukuqhuma kungena eziqoqweni zothuli lwe-pulse,-ukuqapha kwezigaba ezintathu kuma-lifti amabhakede, kanye nomsebenzi nomsebenzi wezindawo ezithinta insimbi engagqwali.-uma uwathola kahle lawa maphuzu amathathu, isitshalo sakho ngeke sigcine ngokuphumelela ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kuphela kodwa futhi sigweme inhlekelele yokuqedwa ukuqhuma okukodwa.
Khumbula njalo: izindleko ezinkulu kakhulu emshinini wokugaywa ufulawa akukhona ukwehla kwenani lempahla, noma izindleko zikagesi{0}}yizindlekoukuvalwa kokukhiqiza, izimangalo zesinxephezelo, nokubhidlika kwesithunziokubangelwa isigameko esisodwa esikhulu sokuphepha. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwanamuhla kokuthobela umshwalense wakusasa oshibhe kakhulu.
