(Ukusetshenziswa Kakhulu Amandla Ngethani Lofulawa? Ungavele Usole Intengo Kagesi-90% Wezigayo Uhlushwa "Ukufaniswa Kwezisetshenziswa Okubi").
Esimeni sanamuhla esiyinselelo semikhawulo kafulawa ebuthakathaka kanye nezindleko zikakolweni eziphakeme, amanani kagesi akhuphuka njalo aphenduka "utshani bokugcina" ezigayweni eziningi zikafulawa. Abaphathi bemishini ngokuvamile bathola ukuthi naphezu komkhiqizo ozinzile, izikweletu zikagesi zanyanga zonke zilokhu zikhuphuka.
Uma wonke umuntu egxile "esiqongweni-ekukhiqizweni okushintshashintshayo" kanye "nakufaka esikhundleni-amamotho asebenza kahle kakhulu," bavame ukunganaki inkinga ecashile nemba eqolo ngaphakathi kwesikhungo: ukufaniswa kwemishini engenangqondo kanye namazinga aphansi omthwalo.
Kufana nokuphoqa umuntu omdala ukuthi agijime ibanga elide ezicathulweni zezingane-ngeke nje bahambe kancane, kodwa futhi kuzoqeda amandla amakhulu.
1. Umbulali Kagesi Ofihlekile: "Ihhashi Elikhulu Elidonsa Ikalishi Encane"
Uma ungena egumbini lokugaywa kwezigayo eziningi zikafulawa, uzobona ukudida okujwayelekile: isilinganiso samandla e-nameplate siphezulu, kodwa ukusebenza kwamanje kungaphansi kakhulu kwesilinganiso samanje.
Kuyini "Ihhashi Elikhulu Elidonsa Ikalishi Elincane"?
Ukuze uyidlale iphephile, izikhungo zedizayini noma abanikazi ngokuvamile bengeza imajini enkulu yokuphepha ngesikhathi kukhethwa imishini. Isibonelo, umshini wokugaya ungase udinge injini engu-30 kW kuphela, kodwa ukuze ubambe "ukushaqeka kokulayisha ngokweqile" noma ukulinganisa izingxenye eziyisipele, kufakwa injini engu-45 kW noma ngisho engu-55 kW.
Ziyini izindleko?
Ukulahleka Kwensimbi Okuqhubekayo:Uma nje i-motor inamandla futhi ijikeleza (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingaphansi komthwalo noma cha), ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis ku-iron core kuhlala kungashintshi. Injini engu-55 kW ayinayo{2}}ukulayisha okungaphezulu kakhulu kokulahlekelwa kunenjini engu-30 kW.
I-Power Factor:Lapho injini isebenza ngomthwalo omncane (imvamisa engaphansi kuka-40% womthwalo olinganiselwe), isici samandla sehla kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inani elikhulu lamandla lishintshwa liye emuva naphambili phakathi kwegridi kanye nenjini, angenzi msebenzi owusizo-nokho asarekhodwa emalini yakho kagesi.
Ukusebenza Okuphansi:Ukusebenza okuphezulu okuphezulu kwemoto kwenzeka ku-75% -100% ububanzi bomthwalo. Uma umthwalo wehla ngaphansi kuka-50%, ukusebenza kahle kuyehla. Kuleli qophelo, injini isebenza njenge-heater engasebenzi kahle kunomthombo wamandla.
2. Ukulahleka Komshini Okunakiwe: I-Belt Drive "Ukweba Amandla"
Ngaphandle kwenjini ngokwayo, isigaba sokudlulisa amandla siyindawo enkulu yenkinga. Izigayo eziningi zikafulawa zisasebenzisa kakhulu-amabhande e-V.
I-Trap esebenzayo yama-Belt Drives:
Ibhande elisha linamandla okudlulisela amanzi angaba ngu-95% -98%. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amabhande eguga, elula, futhi eshelela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukusebenza kahle kungancipha85% noma ngaphansi.
I-Vicious Cycle Yokungezwani-Ukuze kuvinjwe ukushelela kwebhande, izisebenzi ezinakekela izintambo ngokuvamile ziqinisa amabhande. Lokhu kushuba okweqile kwandisa ukulahleka kokungqubuzana kukho kokubili amabheringi enjini angaphambili nama-roller, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile, ekuwohlokeni kwamafutha, kanye nokwenyuka okubukhali kokulahlekelwa kwemishini.
Ukungafani Kwejubane lama-Belt Pulleys:Uma amabhande amaningi esetshenziswa ngokuhambisana, ukugqokwa okungalingani kungabangela umehluko ngesivinini somugqa. Amanye amabhande agcina "ehudulwa," edala ukumosheka kwamandla kwangaphakathi.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwedatha:Ukushintsha amabhande e-V-ajwayelekile ngamabhande angu-V-asezingeni eliphezulu amancane angu-V{2}}noma amabhande ahambisanayo angathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela ngo-5% -8%. Ngomshini wokugaya ama-22 kW, lokhu kusho ukonga cishe u-10,000 kWh ngonyaka.
3. Ukuphumelela Okubalulekile: Isicelo se-VFD kanye Nokulungiswa Kwesivinini
Ezigayweni eziningi zikafulawa, ama-Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) asetshenziswa kuphela "njengeziqalisi ezithambile"-njengokumosha okukhulu okungenzeka. Umgomo oyinhloko wobuchwepheshe be-VFD uthi:ukwenza amandla aphumayo enjini afane nse namandla angempela adingwa umthwalo.
Unganciphisa kanjani ukusetshenziswa kwamandla usebenzisa ama-VFD?
1. Layisha{1}}Ukulungiswa Okuguquguqukayo Kwemishini Yokugaya
Izigayo zamarola zendabuko zisebenza ngesivinini esingaguquki, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zishintshashintsha kanjani. Ngokwethula i-VFD nokuqapha i-roller mill current (isiginali yokulayisha), ungakwaziisikhathi sangempela-silungisa isivinini senjini yokuphakelayo, nomaqondanisa kahle nesivinini esiphezulu se-peripheralngokusekelwe ekucushweni okuhlukene komqulu onomtshingo/obushelelezi.
Isimo: Uma ukugeleza kokubalulekile kuya emsileni-kumaroli okunciphisa ekugcineni kuncipha, i-VFD inciphisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini sesiphakeli, ivimbela "ukugaya okungasebenzi." Lokhu akugcini nje ngokugcina ubuqotho be-bran kodwa futhi kunciphisa ngokuqondile -ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okulayisha.
2. Ukulawula Ingcindezi Emile Yezinhlelo Zomoya
Isistimu yokudlulisa umoya iwumthengi omkhulu wamandla. Indlela evamile yokulawula ukugeleza komoya iwukuvula/ukuvala amadamidi{1}}okulingana "nokuphefumula ngenkathi ucindezela ikhala," injini isasebenza igcwele.
Isixazululo se-VFD: Faka inzwa yokucindezela epayipini lomoya. Uma ukumelana kwesihlungi/umqoqi wothuli kukhula noma indawo yokudonsa ivinjwa, i-VFD inciphisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini sefeni (kunokuba ivale isidambisi manzi).
Isimiso Sokonga Amandla: Ngokusho kwemithetho yokuhambisana nabalandeli,ukugeleza komoya ngokulingana nesivinini, futhi amandla alingana nekhiyubhu yejubane. Ukunciphisa isivinini ngo-10% ngokwengqondo kwehlisa amandla ngo-27%. Lokhu kuletha imiphumela esheshayo kangcono kunanoma iyiphi enye indlela{4}}yokulondoloza amandla.
3. Ukugwema Imfucuza "Yenza Kabusha" (I-Common DC Bus Technology)
Ezigayweni ezinkulu zikafulawa, okokusebenza okubhuleka njalo (njengokwamukela ama-pit drag conveyors, noma inertia yama-planifters lapho ima) kukhiqiza amandla okuvuselela. Ngesixazululo esivamile sebhasi le-DC, amandla akhiqizwa ngokubhuleka injini eyodwa anganikezwa ngokuqondile kwenye injini esheshayo, ezuza ukugaywa kabusha kwangaphakathi. Lobu buchwepheshe buvuthwe{2}}ezigayweni eziphezulu zikafulawa, konga u-5% -10% kugesi.
4. Okuthathu Okungokoqobo-Uhlelo Lwesinyathelo: Uhlu Lokuhlola Isinyathelo Sokunciphisa Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla Ithani Lofulawa ngalinye
Uma amandla omshini wakho wokugaya edlula u-70 kWh ngethani likafulawa (isilinganiso semboni sokugaywa kukakolweni sicishe sibe ngu-65-75 kWh/ton, kuye ngezinga lokukhishwa komkhiqizo) futhi sihlala siphezulu ngenkani, sebenzisa lezi zinyathelo ezintathu ngokushesha:
Isinyathelo 1: -Izinga Lomthwalo Wezitshalo Lonke "Ukuhlola Impilo"
Sebenzisa i-clamp meter ukukala-izigaba ezintathu zamanje zayo yonke injini esebenzayo. Bala Izinga Lomthwalo=(Kukaliwe Kwamanje / Kukalwe Okwamanje) × 100%.
Isenzo:Noma iyiphi injini enesilinganiso sokulayisha-sesikhathi eside esingaphansi kuka-45% kufanele ibekwe "ohlwini olushintshayo." Phakathi nokulungisa okuhleliwe, shintshanise ufake amamothoni anosayizi ofanele ongu-YE4 noma angu-YE5{5}osebenza kahle kakhulu.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: "Inkathi Yokulungiselela" Yezinhlelo ZeDrayivu
Faka esikhundleni-amabhande e-V-agugile ngokuphelele ngamabhande anamazinyo ahambisanayo. Amabhande e-synchronous adinga ukungezwani okuncane, abe ne-zero slip, afinyelele ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela ngaphezu kwama-98%, futhi anciphise ukuguga kwe-beraring.
Sungula "Iphrothokholi Yokuhlola I-Belt Tension." Sebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-strobe noma i-tension gauge ukuze uhlole ukuqina. Yenqabela umkhuba ongcolile wokuthi "ngcono ukumpintsha kunokuxega kakhulu."
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Faka ama-VFD kumathuluzi angukhiye
Okubalulekile 1:Abalandeli bokuqoqwa kothuli (amandla aphezulu, amandla okulungisa aphezulu).
Okubalulekile 2:Izigayo-ezinomsila (ukushintshashintsha kwezinto eziphezulu,{1}}izikhathi ezinde{1}}ezingenamthwalo).
Okubalulekile 3:Ama-screw conveyor / ama-drag chain conveyor (gwema ukwenza-isivinini esigcwele uma ukugeleza kwezinto kuphazamiseka).
Isiphetho
Embonini yanamuhla yokugaya ufulawa enokuncintisana kakhulu, i-kilowatt-ihora ngalinye elongiwe kuyinzuzo emsulwa.Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngethani ngalinye likafulawa akukona mayelana nokuminyanisa imikhawulo yesisetshenziswa sakho-kumayelana nokuqinisekisa ukuthi injini ngayinye, ibhande ngalinye, nerola ngalinye lisebenza "endaweni yalo esebenza kahle kakhulu."
Lahla umqondo "wehhashi elikhulu elidonsa inqola encane", futhi wamukele ukunemba okufanayo{0}}lesi isisekelo esiqine kakhulu sezigayo zikafulawa ukuze ziphile futhi zichume ngenkathi yamanani entengo kagesi aphezulu.
(Qaphela: Imingcele ethile ye-VFD retrofitting kanye nezibalo zokulinganisa izimoto kufanele zisekelwe ekuhloleni kochwepheshe komdwebo wokugeleza kwenqubo yesigayo sakho kanye nohlu lwamathuluzi.)
